J. Adams a.o.: The c-myc oncogene driven by immunoglobulin enhancers induces lymphoid malignancy in transgenic mice. Nature 318 (1985), 533-... K. Alitalo/M. Schwab: Oncogene amplification in tumor cells. Adv. Cancer Res. 47 (1985), 235-... K. Alitalo a.o.: Homoegeneously staining chromosomal regions contain amplified copies of an abundantly expressed cellular oncogene (c-myc) in malignant neuroendocrine cells from human colon carcinoma. Proc. Nat. Ac. Sci. USA 80 (1983), 1707-1711. B. Amati a.o.: Oncogenic activity of the c-Myc protein requires dimerization with Max. Cell 72 (1993), 233-... D. Ayer/L. Kretzner/R. Eisenmann: Mad, a heterodimeric partner for Max that antagonizes Myc transcriptional activity. Cell 72 (1993), 211-... C. Bello-Fernandez/G. Packham/J. Cleveland: The ornithine decarboxylase gene is a transcriptional target of c-Myc. Proc. Nat. Ac. Sci. USA 90 (1993), 7804-... N. Benvenisty a.o.: An embryonically expressed gene is a target for c-Myc regulation via the c-Myc-binding sequence. Genes Dev. 6 (1992), 2513-... K. Bhatia a.o.: Point mutations in the c-Myc transactivation domain are common in Burkitt's lymphoma and mouse plasmocytomas. Nature Gen. 5 (1993), 56-... R. Bissonnette/F. Echeverri/A. Mahboubi/D. Green: Apoptotic cell death induced by c-myc is inhibited by bcl-2. Nature 359 (1992), 552-554. E. Blackwood/R. Eisenman: Max - a helix-loop-helix with Myc. Science 251 (1991), 1211-... E. Blackwood a.o.: Defining specific DNA and protein interactions of the myc protein - a key to myc function. In Brugge/Curran/Harlow/McCormick 1991, 365-... J. Brugge/T. Curran/E. Harlow/F. McCormick (ed.): Origins of human cancer. Cold Spring Harbor Lab. 1991. P. Casalbore a.o.: The v-myc oncogene is sufficient to induce growth transformation of chick neuroretina cells. Nature 326 (1987), 188-190. Vincenzo Chiarugi/Marco Ruggieri: Role of three cancer <> p53, bcl2 and c-myc on the apoptotic process. Tumori 82/3 (1996), ... Abstract: "We review some of the most recent developments concerning three genes involved in human cancer: p53, bcl2 and c-myc. Recent data have demonstrated that the bcl2 gene protects tumor cells from apoptosis induced by a variety of agents, including ionizing radiation, and is thus related to resistance to DNA-damaging therapeutic agents. The p53 tumor suppressor gene, however, has been related with growth arrest, apoptosis and thus with selective sensitivity to the killing effects of ionizing radiation and DNA-damaging drugs. This functional antagonism between the two genes was recently substantiated in molecular terms by demonstration of reciprocal down- regulation due to the presence of a p53-dependent transcription silencer in the untranslated region of the bcl2 gene. Growth arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and induction of apoptosis are two distinct and dissectable functions of p53: bcl2 is able to antagonize the induction of apoptosis by p53, but not the growth arrest in G1. However, coexpression of bcl2 and of the oncogene c-myc efficiently antagonizes effects on G1 arrest and apoptosis, thus suggesting a cooperation between the two oncogenes. In addition, c-myc disrupts other functions of genetic control in the early G1 phase of the cell cycle including the expression of D1 cyclin. We believe that knowledge of the functional/molecular interactions between these three genes involved in human cancer is a fundamental prerequisite to improve the knowledge on prognosis and to design innovative therapeutic approaches." W. Colby a.o.: Identification and nucleotide sequence of a human locus homologous to the v-myc oncogene of avian myeloctomatosis virus MC29. Nature 301 (1983), 722-... M. Cole: The myc oncogene - its role in transformation and differentiation. Ann. Rev. Gen. 20 (1986), 361-... S. Collins/M. Groudine: Amplification of endogenous MYC-related DNA sequences in a human myeoloid leukemia cell line. Nature 298 (1982), 679-... D. Crouch a.o.: Gene-regulatory properties of Myc helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper mutants - Max-dependent transcriptional activation in yeast correlates with transforming activity. Oncogene 8 (1993), 1849-1855. A. Davis a.o.: A null c-myc mutation causes lethality before 10.5 days of gestation in homozygotes and reduced fertility in heterozygous female mice. Genes Dev. 7 (1993), 671-... M. Eilers/S. Schirm/J. Bishop: The MYC protein activates transcription of the alpha-prothymosin gene. EMBO J. 10 (1991), 133-... M. Eilers a.o.: Chimaeras of Myc oncoproteins and steroid receptors cause hormone-dependent transformation of cells. Nature 340 (1989), 66-... G. Evan a.o.: Induction of apoptosis in fibroblasts by c-myc protein. Cell 69 (1992), 119-... A. Fanidi/E. Harrington/G. Evan: Cooperative interaction between c-myc and bcl2 proto-oncogenes. Nature 359 (1992), 554-556. 16090 Wolfgang Fieber/Martin Schneider/.../Klaus Bister: Structure, function, and dynamics of the dimerization and DNA-binding domain of oncogenic transcription factor v-Myc. J. Mol. Biol. 307 (2001), 1395-1410. F. Fisher a.o.: Transcriptional activation by Myc and Max - flanking sequences target activation to a subset of CACGTG motifs in vivo. EMBO J. 12 (1993), 5075-5082. 21535 L. Gardner/L. Lee/C. Dang: The c-myc oncogenic transcription factor. Internet 2002, 13p. W. Hayward/B. Neel/S. Astrin: Activation of a cellular onc gene by promoter insertion in ALV.induced lymphoid leukosis. Nature 290 (1981), 475-... J. Holt/R. Redner/A. Nienhuis: An oligomer complementary to c-myc mRNA inhibits proliferation of HL-60 promyelocytic cells and induces differentiation. Mol. Cell Biol. 8 (1988), 963-... P. Jansen-Durr a.o.: Differential modulation of cyclin gene expression by MYC. Proc. Nat. Ac. Sci. USA 90 (1993), 3685-... K. Kelly a.o.: Cell-specific regulation of teh c-myc gene by lymphocyte mitogens and platelet-derived growth-factors. Cell 35 (1983), 606-... G. Klein: Specific translocations and the genesis of B-cell-derived tumors in mice and men. Cell 42 (1983), 129-... H. Land/L. Parada/Robert Weinberg: Tumorigenic conversion of primary embryo fibroblasts requires at least two cooperating oncogenes. Nature 304 (1983), 596-... P. Leder a.o.: Translocation among antibody genes in human cancer. Science 222 (1983), 765-... 10145 Yi Lin/Kwok-kin Wong/Kathryn Calame: Repression of c-myc transcription by blimp-1, an inducer of terminal B cell differentiation. Science 25 April 1997, 596-599. C. Little a.o.: Amplification and expression of the c-MYC oncogene in human lung cell lines. Nature 306 (1983), 194-... 15441 Werner Lutz/Javier Leon/Martin Eilers: Contributions of myc to tumorigenesis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1602 (2002), 61-71. R. Mariani-Costantini a.o.: In situ c-myc expression and genomic status of the c-myc locus in infiltrating ductal carcinomas of the breast. Cancer Res. 48 (1988), 199-205. S. Morgenbesser/R. De Pinho: Use of transgenic mice to study myc family gene function in normal mammalian development and in cancer. Sem. Cancer Biol. 5 (1994), 21-... 16324 B. O'Connell/A. Cheung/.../J. Sedivy: A large scale genetic analysis of c-Myc regulated gene expression patterns. J. Biol. Chem. 4 April 2003, 12563-12573. T. Papas/J. Lautenberger: Sequence curiosity in v-myc oncogene. Nature 318 (1985), 237-... A. Philipp a.o.: Repression of cyclin D1 - a novel function of MYC. Mol. Cell Biol. 14 (1994), 4032-... D. Reisman a.o.: c-Myc trans-activates the p53 promoter through a required downstream CACGTG motif. Cell Growth Diff. 4 (1993), 57-... M. Robertson: Message of myc in context. Nature 309 (1984), 585-587. M. Roussel a.o.: Myc rescue of a mutant CSF-1 receptor impaired in mitogenic signalling. Nature 353 (1991), 361-... C. Sawyers/W. Callahan/O. Witte: Dominant negative MYC blocks transformation by ABL oncogenes. Cell 70 (1992), 901-... N. Schreiber-Agus a.o.: An amino-terminal domain of Mxil mediates anti-Myc oncogenic activity and interacts with a homolog of the yeast transcriptional repressor SIN3. Cell 80 (1995), 777-... E. Sinn a.o.: Coexpression of MMTV/v-Ha-ras and MMTV/c-myc genes in transgenic mice - synergistic action of oncogenes in vivo. Cell 49 (1987), 465-... M. Sklar a.o.: Depletion of c-myc with specific antisense sequences reverses the transformed phenotype in ras oncogene-transformed NIH 3T3 cells. Mol. Cell Biol. 11 (...), 3699-... R. Stanton a.o.: Loss of N-myc function results in embryonic lethality and failure of the epithelial component of the embryo to develop. Genes Dev. 6 (1992), 2235-... T. Stewart/P. Pattingale/P. Leder: Spontaneous mammary adenocarcinomas in transgenic mice that carry and expess MTV/myc fusion genes. Cell 38 (1984), 627-... A. Strasser a.o.: Novel primitive lymphoid tumours induced in transgenic mice by cooperation between myc and bcl2. Nature 348 (1990), 332-... M. Thompson/R. Ramsay: Myb - an old oncoprotein with new roles. Bioessays 17 (1995), 341-... 14879 Andreas Trumpp: The relationship between embryonic development and tumorigenesis. ISREC 1999-2000, 29-31. A. Zervos/J. Gyuris/R. Brent: Mxi, a protein that specifically interacts with Max to bind Myc-Max recognition sites. Cell 72 (1993), 223-...